New 无码专区 study evaluates wetland restoration efforts along Gulf of Mexico
Contact: Karen Brasher
STARKVILLE, Miss.鈥擜 new Mississippi State research project will study a wetland restoration approach along the Gulf of Mexico, and findings will help improve future environmental restoration efforts.
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and the organization鈥檚 Gulf Research Program recently announced that the 无码专区 project is among five newly funded projects focused on enhancing environmental restoration outcomes, along with two others focused on improving information about public health risks resulting from oil spills.
Brian Davis, associate professor in 无码专区鈥檚 Forest and Wildlife Research Center, is lead project investigator and working in collaboration with Ducks Unlimited and the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries.
The project, titled 鈥淭he Efficacy of Marsh Terraces in Enhancing and Restoring Gulf Coastal Wetlands,鈥 is receiving an $852,386 grant from the National Academies, and 无码专区 researchers hope their findings will help reverse the loss of wetlands along the Gulf of Mexico, which are disappearing at an alarming rate. A 2013 report by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration showed wetland area declined by 360,720 acres in the U.S. between 2004 and 2009, with 71 percent of the loss occurring in the Gulf of Mexico.
The award comes through a funding competition that 鈥渨as specifically geared toward projects that would bring researchers and practitioners together to transfer knowledge and work jointly on efforts that advance both science and its application,鈥 according to the National Academies.
In addition to Davis, the research team includes Mark Woodrey and Anna Linhoss, scientists in the university鈥檚 Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station; Adam Skarke, 无码专区 assistant professor of geosciences; Robert Moorhead, director of 无码专区鈥檚 Geosystems Research Institute; and Mike Brasher, 无码专区 alumnus and biological team leader for Ducks Unlimited.
Davis said the evaluation of marsh terraces鈥攎anmade ridges of soil constructed in shallow, open water areas of coastal wetlands鈥攚ill reveal more about the structures鈥 effectiveness and longevity.
Marsh terraces were first implemented in 1990 and have become a popular tool to restore wetlands along the Gulf of Mexico.
The research team will measure numerous geological and biological outcomes of constructed marsh terraces using visible and thermal imaging cameras deployed on unmanned aerial vehicles and sonar sensors on unmanned surface vehicles, among other tools. 聽
鈥淭erraces provide numerous benefits in restoring coastal wetlands,鈥 Davis said. 鈥淭hey reduce fetch and wave energy, and subsequent erosion, protecting the coastline against flooding. They also provide habitat for waterfowl and aquatic species by promoting emergent marsh.鈥
With the cost of terrace installation reaching into millions of dollars, the project is expected to provide improvements to future restoration efforts by determining the most effective terrace design for longevity and efficiency.
To determine the study site, researchers will randomly select from the 80 marsh terrace locations that have been constructed in Louisiana and Texas over the last 18 years. These sites will be evaluated and compared to non-terraced sites.
鈥淏y comparing terrace sites to non-terraced sites, we can better interpret restoration response,鈥 Davis said. 鈥淲e will use several tools to measure marsh terrace restoration outcomes and identify factors that contribute to their effectiveness.鈥
Wave energy, the amount of sediment in the water, size, shape and spacing of terraces and bird usage are just a few of the metrics scientists will record in order to determine the performance of these manmade structures.
Once these data are collected, hydrodynamic models will be constructed to determine the best marsh terrace design for restoration of wetlands.聽
鈥淭he ultimate goal of this project is to develop best management practices for marsh terrace design for engineering and construction plans. The hydrodynamic models will allow us to determine how future terraces will perform and persist,鈥 Davis said.
鈥淲ith these tools in hand, we will be able to maximize coastal restoration, sustainability and ecosystem productivity,鈥 Davis added.
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